Mineralogy and mineral chemistry of quartz: A review
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Quartz (trigonal, low-temperature α-quartz) is the most important polymorph of silica (SiO 2 ) group and one purest minerals in Earth crust. The mineralogy mineral chemistry quartz are determined mainly by its defect structure. Certain point defects, dislocations micro-inclusions can be incorporated into during crystallisation under various thermodynamic conditions secondary processes such as alteration, irradiation, diagenesis or metamorphism. resulting real structure a fingerprint specific physicochemical environment formation also determines quality applications SiO raw materials. Point defects related to imperfections associated with silicon oxygen vacancies (intrinsic defects), different types displaced atoms, and/or incorporation foreign ions lattice sites interstitial positions (extrinsic defects). Due mismatch charges ionic radii only limited number substitute for Si 4+ crystal positions. Therefore, impurity elements present at concentrations below 1 ppm. structural regular site has been proven Al 3+ , Ga Fe B Ge Ti P 5+ H + which far common typically abundant. Unambiguous detection characterisation structures technical challenge successfully realised combination advanced analytical methods electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy spectroscopy well spatially resolved trace-element analysis laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) secondary-ion (SIMS). paper presents review state-of-the-art knowledge concerning mineral-chemistry illustrates geological implications properties quartz.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Mineralogical Magazine
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1471-8022', '0026-461X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.72